The 投资 Risk No One’s Ever Heard Of
Knowledgeable investors are aware that investing in the capital markets presents any number of risks, 包括利率风险, 公司风险, 市场风险. Risk is an inseparable companion to the potential for long-term growth. Some of the investment risks we face can be mitigated through diversification.1
作为投资者, 你面对另一个, lesser-known risk for which the market does not compensate you, nor can it be easily reduced through diversification. Yet, it may be the biggest challenge to the sustainability of your retirement income.
This risk is called the sequence of returns risk.
The sequence of returns risk refers to the uncertainty of the order of returns an investor will receive over an extended period of time. 正如米尔顿·弗里德曼曾经指出的那样, 你应该, “never try to walk across a river just because it has an average depth of four feet.”
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Mr. Freidman’s point was that averages may hide dangerous possibilities. This is especially true with the stock market. You may be comfortable that the market will deliver its historical average return over the long-term, but you can never know when you will be receiving the varying positive and negative returns that comprise the average. The order in which you receive these returns can make a big difference.
For instance, a hypothetical market decline of 30% is not to be unexpected. 然而, would you rather experience this decline when you have relatively small retirement savings or at the moment you are ready to retire – when your savings may never be more valuable? 毫无疑问, 前一种情况更可取, but the timing of that large potential decline is out of your control.
时机，时机，时机
The sequence of returns risk is especially problematic while you are in retirement. 了年, in combination with portfolio withdrawals taken to provide retirement income, have the potential to seriously damage the ability of your savings to recover sufficiently, 即使市场完全反弹.
If you are nearing retirement or already in retirement, it’s time to give serious consideration to the “sequence of returns risk” and ask questions about how you can better manage your portfolio.
1. Diversification is an approach to help manage investment risk. It does not eliminate the risk of loss if security prices decline.
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